What is XP an abbreviation for in the context of genetics?

In the context of genetics, XP stands for Xeroderma pigmentosum. This is a rare genetic disorder characterized by an extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) rays from sunlight, leading to a significantly increased risk of skin cancer. This condition is caused by defects in the body's ability to repair DNA damage induced by UV light, specifically due to genetic mutations affecting the nucleotide excision repair pathway. Individuals with XP often develop skin lesions and have a higher incidence of malignancies at a young age if they are not diligent about sun protection.

The other options represent different genetic and metabolic conditions or phenomena but do not correlate with the abbreviation XP in this context.