What type of biological molecule is DNA primarily composed of?

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DNA is primarily composed of polymers made of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of three components: a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in the case of DNA), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine). These nucleotides link together through phosphodiester bonds to form long chains, resulting in the double helix structure characteristic of DNA.

The sequencing of these nucleotides encodes genetic information essential for the functioning and reproduction of living organisms. Understanding DNA's composition is crucial in studying genetics, molecular biology, and various applications in biotechnology and medicine.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe DNA. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins; papain is an enzyme derived from papaya and unrelated to the structure of DNA; and fatty acids are long-chain hydrocarbons that make up lipids, which again are distinct from nucleic acids like DNA.