Which term describes the specific requirements and conditions that a species needs to survive in its environment?

The term that describes the specific requirements and conditions a species needs to survive in its environment is "niche." A niche encompasses not only the type of food and resources that the species requires but also its behavior, reproductive strategies, interactions with other organisms, and its position within the ecosystem. Essentially, the niche defines how an organism fits into its ecosystem, including its role in energy flow and nutrient cycling.

In contrast, "habitat" refers to the physical environment in which a species lives, including factors like the climate and geographical features, but does not encompass the full array of biological interactions and requirements of the species. "Trophic level" pertains to the position an organism occupies in a food chain (such as producer, consumer, or decomposer) and does not convey the broader ecological context. "Community" refers to a group of different species that coexist in a specific area and interact with one another, but it does not focus on the individual needs of a specific species. Thus, "niche" is the most comprehensive term to define the survival conditions of a species within its ecosystem.