Why is meiosis essential for sexual reproduction?

Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction primarily because it maintains genetic diversity. This process involves two rounds of cell division, leading to four haploid gametes that are genetically distinct from one another and from the parent cell. During meiosis, genetic recombination occurs through crossing over and independent assortment, which facilitates the mixing of genetic material.

The production of gametes with varied genetic combinations is crucial for sexual reproduction because it enhances the genetic variability of offspring. This genetic diversity is significant for the evolution and adaptation of species, as it increases the chances of some individuals surviving and thriving in changing environments. In contrast, the other options, while relevant to cellular processes or reproduction, do not adequately capture the importance of meiosis in generating variation, which is central to the evolutionary success of sexually reproducing organisms.